June 7: "Hot Front" (and America's most hurricane-vulnerable cities)

America's Most Vulnerable Hurricane Cities? Not surprisingly, two of the top 5 are in Florida. Tampa/St. Pete has the dubious distinction of being #1. Details from Climate Central below.

Weather Nugget: "The last drop of rain in Flagstaff was on April 26th, a dry spell of 40 days so far. With the driest time of year upon us, this could go on for quite a while!"

"For the insurance industry it means massive exposure to property damage and business losses from storms, wildfires, floods and droughts. For the electric power and oil and gas sectors it means supply disruptions and disabled infrastructure. The new report also details comparable risks in the apparel, mining and tourism sectors. In short, climate change is bringing with it a whole new world of risk for businesses, investors and the economy -- risks that many companies are under obligation to disclose." - from a Huffington Post article below.


NexSat. I'm a fan of the Naval Research Lab site, which has created some new and novel ways to display visible and infrared (temperature derived) satellite imagery from NOAA. The image above was taken at 9:30 pm yesterday, showing strong/severe (tornado-producing) storms from the Denver area into the central Plains.


Close Call. Late Wednesday came reports of a weak tornado near DIA, Denver International Airport. As many as 4-5 separate tornadoes were spotted over the far southeastern suburbs of Denver Wednesday evening, in Arapahoe County. Click here to see the latest list of NOAA storm reports.

Photo Of The Day: "Montana Supercell". My thanks to Roger Hill for sharing this remarkable photo of a tornado near Stanford, Montana - one of the most amazing pics I've seen in a long time. Details via Facebook: "Ok, this is getting crazy! So many fantastic structured supercells, and today (June 5th) was no exception! We intercepted an HPish storm southeast of Stanford, MT and moved northward as it approached Denton. Off to the south, the structure came into view and low and behold, somewhere between Moccasin and Denton this tornado touched down. Partially rain wrapped at times, we were fortunate enough to look down the notch from the northwest and see this insane sight! I have better structure shots I will put up in another day or so. Structure was slightly enhanced to bring out the tornado."


An Awesome Sight. Professional photographer Sean R. Heavey captured this awe-inspiring shot near Big Sandy, Montana Tuesday, complete with wall cloud below and lumpy, cumulonimbus mammatus clouds dangling from the thunderhead anvil above. Check out his photos here.


"Waterspout!" The Key West, Florida office of The National Weather Service has the details, via Facebook: "Here is the first of two waterspout photos taken by official storm spotter Joe Sheriff. This waterspout developed at around 935 am this morning about 1 mile east-southeast of Ocean Reef. Waterspout duration was approximately 7 minutes."


May Weather Recap. Greg Spoden has an update on the second wettest May in recorded history for Minnesota, and a few other weather nuggets of interest; courtesy of the Minnesota Climatology Working Group:

- May 2012 precipitation totals were extraordinarily high along a broad arc that extended from southwest Minnesota into Minnesota's Arrowhead region. Along this swath, monthly precipitation totals in excess of eight inches were common.

- While much of the southeastern two-thirds of Minnesota received abundant rainfall, the northwest corner of the state was missed by most of May's heavy rainfall events. The U. S. Drought Monitor places some northwest Minnesota counties in the "Moderate" drought category.

- Overall, Minnesota's drought situation has improved significantly when compared with early May when 60 percent of the state was said to be in "Moderate" or "Severe" drought.

- Stream flows are very high in southwest, central, east central, and northeast Minnesota. Stream discharge values in these watersheds rank above the 90th percentile when compared with historical data for the season.

Top 5 Most Vulnerable U.S. Cities To Hurricanes. Climate Central meteorologist Andrew Freedman has a terrific article that summarizes the threat to America's most vulnerable metro areas; here's an excerpt: "The 2012 Atlantic Hurricane Season is officially underway, and while Hurricane Katrina has tended to fade from memory, New Orleans isn’t the only major U.S. city at risk, although it remains extremely vulnerable. As Hurricane Irene demonstrated in 2011, weaker hurricanes can also do significant damage in places that are not used to experiencing such storms. Many American coastal cities are essentially sitting ducks to hurricanes, with millions of Americans living at water’s edge, exposed to high winds and flooding. Some of these communities, like New Orleans and Houston, have experienced powerful storms during the past decade. Others, like Miami and Tampa, have been spared the brunt of landfalling storms during recent hurricane seasons."

New Mexico Smoke Plume From Space. NASA's Earth Observatory captured this photo of the southwestern USA Tuesday, showing the pall of smoke from the (record) New Mexico Whitewater-Baldy blaze being swept south and west, toward Phoenix and Baja Mexico.

Transit Of Venus. In case you missed it - here's an amateur video of Venus passing in front of the sun Tuesday evening, captured by Josh Dowell, via YouTube: "Here is an amateur video shot of the Venus Transit. Shot on June 5th, 2012 with a Sony AVCHD Handycam. The camcorder itself could not view the sun like this I had to break some nice sunglasses to use the lens to block out the sunlight."


"Ask Paul". Weather-related Q&A.

"We have this ongoing discussion at our house regarding whether it's too humid to open up the windows at night - any asuggested parameters? We have a weather station that gives us both inside and outside temperature and humidity."

Thanks,
Kim Kvam, Granite Falls, MN

Kim - I would suggest looking at dew point, instead of relative humidity (you can see the latest Twin Cities dew point here, courtesy of NOAA). Relative humidity fluctuates, sometimes wildly during the day, based on the temperature, whereas dew point is more constant, an (absolute) measure of how much water is in the air. As a rough rule of thumb when dew points are in the 50s - most people would find that comfortable. When the dew point rises above 65 I might consider shutting the windows. A dew point over 70? Tropical air - even air conditioning may not be able to keep up.
________________________________________________________________________________
Hello - what is called when the clouds move away from the lake? And why does in happen?
I was watching the Midwest (Great Lakes) satellite for the Minnesota weather (thunderstorm), yet I noticed the cloud cover pulling back from Lake Michigan. Is that due to winds coming from the north/northeast, and/or also the water on Lake Michigan is cooler (and drier) than the air on land?

Thank you,

(Another) Paul in Minneapolis


Paul (may I call you Paul?) - you sent along a great example of lake effect clouds, a sort of "reverse-lake-effect" during the summer months. You have the right idea: water takes much longer to heat up than land. Great Lakes water temperatures are routinely 20 degrees cooler than surrounding land temperatures, which heat up rapidly with the sun so high in the sky in June. As air heats up it rises, allowing stable, lake-cooled air to push 5-50 miles inland. These miniature cool fronts pushing away from cooler lakes can set up boundaries capable of firing off showers and T-showers. This "sea-breeze" effect triggers late-day T-showers like clockwork many summer days across Florida. It all ties back to differential heating of land and water. In November the process reverses - lake water is warmer than chilly Canadian, heating the air from below, sparking lake-effect clouds and (snow) showers downwind of the Great Lakes. Great question!


Time For Your Close-Up. Here is Wednesday's NASA MODIS 250 meter close-up of the southern tip of Lake Michigan. Air temperatures shot up into the low to mid 70s, heating the air above the land, causing fair weather cumulus to sprout 20 miles inland. But lake water temperatures off Navy Pier are still in the mid to upper 50s, and by mid afternoon that lake-cooled air had been pulled inland - resulting in a cloud-free zone near the lake.

7 Ways To Disrupt Your Industry. If you're not paranoid, you're not paying attention, right? Here's an excerpt of an excellent article from Fast Company on steps you can take to to prepare yourself, and your company, for inevitable change: "Massive disruption is coming, and the only question is whether your firm is going to cause it or fall victim to it. Disruption is not easy--either to create or to confront. We have no illusions about that. But in the spirit of helping established firms best serve their customers, we offer seven ways your firm could disrupt its own industry, raising the standards of customer experience and creating new opportunities for growth:

1) Totally eliminate your industry’s persistent customer pain points.

Each industry has practices that drive customers crazy.
Technology providers drive customers crazy with technical support that often requires long waits on hold and hopelessly complex interactions (“Just find the serial number on the back of your device and type that into the space provided along with your IP address and the exact wording of the error message you encountered”)."



"Orsos Island" - The Smallest Floating Island Yet In A Fast Growing Market. Who are these people, and why can't I be related to one of them? Good grief. For a new level of wretched excess, check out this story from gizmag.com: "The Wally Island was a 99 meter (325 feet) "gigayacht" design that dwarfed the vast majority of luxury megayachts and reconceived the yacht as a floating personal island, a mobile address that can be used as a home, an entertaining space or even a moving exhibition or show space. At an estimated US$200 million, the Wally Island was not for the common man, but the concept appears to have ignited a flurry of activity in the marine industry, with these new designs all more focused on a comfortable movable living space framed as a floating island more than a boat."


“ In every triumph there's a lot of try. ” -  Frank Tyger

What is Heat Index?

"If you saw a heat wave, would you wave back?" asked humorist Steven Wright.

Let me ponder that one.

Leave it to a meteorologist to leave you feeling worse than you thought possible. In winter it's a steady drumbeat of windchill-babble. Summer brings the ubiquitous "heat index", which is a measure of heat and humidity. Bottom line: when there's a lot of water in the air, as there will be this weekend, your body can't cool itself effectively via evaporation. Sweat evaporating off your skin has a cooling effect. That's why you feel chilled stepping out of the shower. But when dew points surge above 70 you can easily overheat; the risk of heat exhaustion (clammy skin) and heat stroke (dry skin, heart palpitations) increases exponentially.

Mid-90s are possible over the weekend; a few thermometers may brush 100. The heat index may top 100 under a blazing sun. I suspect this will be the hottest temperature spike of 2012 so far. Evacuate to the lake.

A stray T-shower may chase you you indoors today; most storms push across far northern Minnesota.

After a dry, sauna-like weekend, Sunday night storms herald the arrival of cooler, Canadian air - a comfortable front next week.

* Heat Index Calculator courtesy of the Green Bay office of The National Weather Service.


Climate Stories....



U.N. Report Warns Environment Is At Tipping Point. Here's an excerpt from a story from seattlepi.com: "RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — The earth's environmental systems "are being pushed towards their biophysical limits," beyond which loom sudden, irreversible and potentially catastrophic changes, the United Nations Environment Program warned Wednesday. In a 525-page report on the health of the planet, the agency paints a grim picture: The melting of the polar ice caps, desertification in Africa, deforestation of tropical jungles, spiraling use of chemicals and the emptying out of the world's seas are just some of myriad environmental catastrophes posing a threat to life as we know it."

Photo credit above: "Brazil's Secretary for Climate Change in the Ministry of the Environment Carlos Klink holds up a copy of UNEP's Global Environment Outlook 5 (GEO-5), in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Wednesday, June 6, 2012." Photo: Felipe Dana / AP

Extreme Weather Is The New Reality. Here's a snippet of a Huffington Post article from the President of Ceres: "There's been a nasty change in the weather of late, and for businesses the forecast is simple: be prepared. In 2011, extreme weather caused more than $148 billion in economic losses, and $55 billion in insured losses globally. A major chunk of those insured losses -- more than $30 billion -- were in the U.S. where 14 severe weather events caused losses of more than $1 billion each, far more than in any previous year. We've just lived through the warmest decade on record, seen unprecedented flash storms and flooding and watched as Texas suffered through the worst drought in its history. Just a normal variation in the weather? "No," is the overwhelming scientific consensus. Human activity is changing the climate, and the climate is changing the weather. Buckle up. It's going to be a wild ride. And virtually every business in every sector of the economy is vulnerable."

Virginia's Dying Marshes And Climate Change Denial. Details from The BBC: "Dying wetland trees along Virginia's coastline are evidence that rising sea levels threaten nature and humans, scientists say - and show the limits of political action amid climate change scepticism. Dead trees loom over the marsh like the bones of a whale beached long ago. In the salt marshes along the banks of the York River in the US state of Virginia, pine and cedar trees and bushes of holly and wax myrtle occupy small islands, known as hummocks."

Image credit above: 'Ghost trees' are victims of rising sea levels.

Divided Public: Climate Survey Shows Skepticism And Alarm Rising Over The Past Decade. PR Newswire and marketwatch.com have collaborated on an interesting story; here's an excerpt: "Researchers have found that between 2002 and 2010 the images and emotions that the American public associates with global warming shifted significantly. Four consecutive nationwide surveys found both increasing skepticism and growing alarm among respondents. The researchers assessed Americans' "cognitive risk representations" including the words, thoughts, and images, and the positive or negative feelings the public associates with global warming. The study also measured the underlying values of egalitarianism and individualism, as well as a variety of political, social and demographic characteristics."

June 6: Venus Transit, Central U.S. Heating Up Again

Transit Of Venus. No, I didn't have the equipment to safely stare up at the sun yesterday evening, so I had to rely on the good men and women at NASA (via Facebook), who did the heavy lifting for me: "A beautiful image from our Flickr group! Post your pictures of the Venus Transit at http://www.flickr.com/groups/venustransit/pool/."

"According to historical records from the National Weather Service, the last time that two Atlantic storms were formed before June 1 was in 1908. The only other year that two storms formed before the official start of the hurricane season was in 1887." - excerpt of a story at allvoices.com focused on the early start to hurricane season, and new technology that may help to improve hurricane track/intensity predictions. Details below.

Photo credit above: "Leon Whaley of Carteret-Craven Electric Cooperative watches as others work to restore power after the remnants of Tropical Storm Beryl spun off a tornado that destroyed homes and damages dozens of others in the Pelletier community near Swansboro, NC on Wednesday, May 30, 2012." (AP Photo/Tom Copeland)

  Asthma By The Numbers. We're suffering through a mini-epidemic of asthma: perception or reality? It sure seems like more Americans than ever are sneezing and wheezing; the New York Times has the story: "Federal health officials recently issued a gloomy report noting that the percentage of Americans suffering from asthma reached a record high of 8.4 percent in 2010, up from 7.3 percent in 2001. An estimated 25.7 million people had asthma in 2010, including 18.7 million adults and seven million children below the age of 18. It is a frightening disease in which sufferers struggle to breathe. In severe attacks, victims can die. Experts don’t know for sure what causes asthma, but sounder public policy could help control some of the triggers. Stronger regulations to reduce exposure to cigarette smoke and to control air pollution are especially important."

Nothing More Refreshing Than A June Snowfall. Good grief: heavy, wet snow is falling on the highest elevations of California and the Pacific Northwest. Hard to believe the summer solstice is roughly 2 weeks away. Details from Yosemite National Park via Facebook: "This is a photo from the Tioga Road near White Wolf yesterday afternoon. We got a bit of higher-elevation snow (and about 6/10 of an inch of rain in Yosemite Valley). (The Tioga and Glacier Point Roads were closed overnight but reopened this morning.)"


Winter Flashback. It seems a bit odd to be showing a snowcover map (NOAA's National Snow Analyses) on June 6, about 2 weeks before the summer solstice. Flurries were reported yesterday as far south as Elko, Nevada. As much as 10-80" of snow remains on the highest peaks of the Cascade Range and northern Rockies. Meanwhile extreme heat will push from the Intermountain Region into the Plains and Upper Midwest by the weekend.


Whitewater-Baldy Complex Fire In New Mexico. Here's the latest from NOAA's Environmental Visualization Laboratory: "The Whitewater-Baldy Complex fire is up to 259,025 acres burned. Aerial ignitions along multiple portions of the fire boundary were carried out yesterday, June 4, 2012. This image was taken by the VIIRS instrument aboard the Suomi NPP spacecraft at 2015Z on June 4, 2012. The image combines high resolution bands 3, 2 and 1 to make the colored land areas and clouds."

A 105% Probability Of A T-storm. Here is a photo of the thunderstorm that swept across Little Rock, Arkansas on June 4, courtesy of the Little Rock National Weather Service Office:  "This photo was taken by Chris McCrillis on the afternoon of June 4th as the storms moved into west Little Rock."

Nine Tornadoes In One Storm Not A Record For Maryland. Here's an excerpt from wbal.com: "Nine confirmed tornadoes as determined by the National Weather Service investigators from Friday's storms, but that's not the most ever seeni n the state during one storm. There were 35 confirmed with Hurricane Ivan in 2004, the most on record, Howard Silverman of the National Weather Service said. Ivan left more than a dozen people hurt in Maryland."

Photo credit: "High winds tossed a tree into a home in Finksburg on Friday." (Photo submitted to WBAL News).

Social Media As A Tool In Flow Of Storm Information. Increasingly storm spotters (and the general public) are using social media to send in storm reports, especially twitter. Here's a snippet of an interesting article at jacksonville.com: "From Facebook updates on severe weather to mobile apps directing victims to shelters during times of disaster, social media are becoming an integral part of emergency preparedness and response. Relief groups such as the Red Cross and local government emergency response departments are increasingly using the power of social media to disseminate potentially lifesaving information when disaster strikes. When Tropical Storm Beryl began dumping the first inches of what turned out to be more than a foot of rain on Northeast Florida last week, Jacksonville's National Weather Service used Facebook to provide information to residents. It included where to find official forecast resources, maps and weather condition updates."

Photo credit above: BRUCE LIPSKY/The Times-Union. "The Times-Union sent out more than 500 tweets during the storm from Sunday morning to Monday evening."

  Clean Up From 2011 Flood Continues. Hopefully we won't have a year like last year. Cattlenetwork.com has some interesting details: "The flooding along the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers in 2011 left many farmers struggling to recover. In 2012, many are still cleaning up the mess and working to restore their cropland to productive levels seen before the flooding. The flooding caused many corn and soybean fields to become so damaged, that restoring the land will likely take multiple years. “We’ll be working on this for years,” Mason Hansen, corn and soybean farmer in Missouri Valley, Iowa, told the Des Moines Register. “It’ll never be right. Ever. People don’t have any idea how big of a mess this is.” Hansen told the Des Moines Register that he has spent the past nine months removing sand from his crop fields and filling in holes gouged out by the flood. He has cleared 140 acres of the sand, but he still has 160 acres more to go."

New Hurricane Director: Florida's Good Fortune Won't Last. It's been 8 years since Florida suffered a direct hit from a hurricane - there is growing fear that Floridians are becoming increasingly apathetic. Some sage advice from the new Hurricane Center Director, courtesy of a story and video at The Sun-Sentinel: "The new director of the National Hurricane Center has a message for residents: Don’t assume Florida’s good fortune, six years without a hurricane strike, will continue. “Someone is going to get the next major hurricane, and you have to be prepared,” Rick Knabb said on Tuesday. “It’s not a matter of if but a matter of when.” Knabb, 43, of Weston, is a veteran tropical forecaster, most recently the hurricane expert for The Weather Channel and previously a hurricane specialist for the hurricane center."

New Model Will Help NOAA Forecasters Study The Eyewall Of Hurricanes This Year. The story from KATC.com in Lafayette, Louisiana - here's an excerpt: "When the first hurricane emerges from the Atlantic Ocean or Gulf of Mexico this season, NOAA will use a new statistical model to help predict the start of the "eyewall replacement cycle," a key indicator that a storm's strength and size is about to change dramatically. This new tool adds to a suite of forecast products NOAA uses to warn coastal communities of imminent threats. An eyewall is an organized band of clouds that immediately surround the center, or eye, of a hurricane. The most intense winds and rainfall occur near the eyewall."

Photo credit above: NOAA.

Hurricane Shutters Are On The Front-Line In Hurricane Defense. Here's some good advice from The Miami Herald: "If your home isn’t secured with a shutter system, now is the time to move this item to the top of your to-do list. Shutters are important not only to protect your windows from flying debris but also to prevent your home from being breached with hurricane-force winds if a window breaks. When the wind gets in your home, it places intense pressure on interior walls and can lead to a roof collapse. Commercially installed shutters generally average $9 to $30 per square foot, according to the Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety. For do-it-yourselfers, the cost is about 50 percent less per square foot."

Photo credit above: "Installation: Workmen John Morales and Bruno Koti install Rolladen shutters at a Isle of Bahia home." LOU TOMAN/Sun Sentinel LOU TOMAN / Sun Sentinel.

Read more here: http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/05/30/2833912/hurricane-shutters-are-on-the.html#storylink=cpy

Read more here: http://www.miamiherald.com/2012/05/30/2833912/hurricane-shutters-are-on-the.html#storylink=cpy

Text, Don't Call When Natural Disaster Strikes. Reuters has the story; here's an excerpt: "It is better to send text messages than to call when natural disasters strike and networks get congested, a senior U.S. official said on Wednesday, also urging people to add battery-powered cell phone chargers to their storm emergency kits. Craig Fugate, head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, told reporters that forecasts for a "normal" Atlantic hurricane season should not keep those in potentially affected areas from getting ready for storms that could make landfall. "There is no forecast yet that says where they are going to hit or not hit. So if you live along the Gulf Coast, the Atlantic, and as far inland as the folks in Vermont found out last year, you need to be prepared for this hurricane season," Fugate said at a White House news briefing." (Photo above: NASA).

Early Start To Predicting Near-Normal Hurricane Season According To NOAA Forecasters: Two Models Improve Forecaster's Ability To Predict Storm Track and Intensity. O.K. This article gets top honors for "longest headline", but there are some interesting nuggets in this story from allvoices.com: "(Miami, Fl) Despite forecasters predicting a “near-normal” 2012 hurricane season, it is already off to an early start even before the June 1 official start date. Two tropical cyclones have already formed in the Atlantic prior to June 1, the first, Tropical Storm Alberto formed off the coast of South Carolina on May 19 and remained off the east coast of the United States until it weakened and was no longer considered a tropical cyclone by the National Hurricane Center on May 22. Tropical Storm Beryl was first recognized as a tropical depression on May 25 at 11:00 P.M. by the National Hurricane Center off the Florida coast and made landfall as a Tropical Storm with winds estimated at 70 mph near Jacksonville Beach, Fl. shortly after 12:00 A.M. on Memorial Day." (Image above: NOAA).

Cal Fire Officials Anticipating A Busy Fire Season. A lack of rain across the Southwest has many officials concerned about an extra-severe fire season. Here's an excerpt of a story from firehouse.com: "The central Sierra Nevada had a relatively calm fire season last year, but an unusually dry winter and a December wind storm that blew down many large trees has Cal Fire officials anticipating a busy summer for wildfires. Several late spring storms brought some much-needed rain to the Northern San Joaquin Valley and snow to the Sierra, helping to lessen the fire threat. The weather, however, has returned to its normal dry pattern for this time of year. The vegetation is drying up and becoming fuel for a blaze, said Battalion Chief Barry Rudolph of the Tuolumne-Calaveras unit of the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection." (May 25, 2012 fire image courtesy of Gregory Bull from AP).

  TV: An Intervention. Remember when you had to purchase an entire "album" to get the one track you really wanted to listen to? TV is coming up to an inflection point, a moment of truth. Increasingly, many viewers are spurning cable and satellite ("why pay for 400 channels when I only watch a dozen on a regular basis?") This "unbundling" effort is gaining steam. Only pay for what you watch. Makes sense, right? It may to you and me, but it will create an ugly revolution in the television industry and change the way shows are financed. Here's a story from Huffington Post: "I've complained numerous times in this space about the endless claims from media pundits that "TV is dying." Despite pronouncements by experts like David Carr and miscounted viewership by Nielsen, I can assure you, TV IS NOT DYING. That said, despite a current heyday of creativity and originality -- Television does have something wrong with it. Yes, as Carr pointed out and Nielsen reported, "traditional TV viewing" has eroded. However, it has not been replaced by something other than TV, it's been replaced by more TV, just on other platforms. In some cases, those other platforms are legal; in other cases they are not. As Brian Stelter demonstrated last week, many twenty-somethings are using their parents' HBO GO account to watch Girls, without a TV. As TorrentFreak points out, many others are simply stealing TV."

Photo credit above: techpinions.com.

What Is "SmartGlass"? Microsoft is showing it's R&D chops here - some pretty interesting interactivity will be possible between the big (TV) screen and the smaller screen on your lap. Gizmag.com explains: "Microsoft used its E3 press conference to unveil its new SmartGlass technology that will use handheld devices such as smartphones and tablets as both an Xbox control device and as a second screen for the display of dynamic, rich information. Head of Xbox Live, Marc Whitten, confirmed that in additional to working with Windows 8 phones and tablets, SmartGlass would be compatible with iPhone, iPad and Android devices. The technology will finally see the arrival of Microsoft's Internet Explorer web browser to the Xbox 360 before the end of the year."

Epic Fails. Thanks to failblog.org for sharing these. Math (and spelling) seem to be ongoing challenges for many in our midst.


Pretty Close To Perfect. In case you slept in 'til the crack of sunset, or were in a self-induced food coma yesterday, the weather was extraordinary. A cool breeze blowing off Lake Superiod kept Grand Marais residents reaching for jackets; a high of only 56 (69 at Duluth, up on the hill). Elsewhere highs ranged from 81 at St. Cloud to 83 in the Twin Cities.

"If I find in myself desires which nothing in this world can satisfy, the only logical explanation is that I was made for another world.” – C.S. Lewis

Weekend Hot Front

I know I can get news on the web, tablets and smart phones (soon on my dental fillings) but I'm still partial to newspapers. And no, the Star Tribune didn't put me up to this. Holding a paper, picking and choosing the stories that strike a nerve - is a different animal than grazing a web site. There's something reassuring and comforting about the feel of paper.

When I was 12 years old I'd cut out the weather page of the Lancaster New Era newspaper, scribble my own forecast next to it and come back the next day to see how I did. I had notebooks full of "busted" forecasts.

The college degree is great but the only way to learn how to predict the weather is trial and error. It's a painful learning curve, a 3-D crossword puzzle, a rewarding and humbling way to make a living. The best forecasts use computers AND human intuition. Not sure we'll ever have Google iRobots reading us the 7-Day. Sure hope not. 

Today looks dry but the approach of tropical air sets off T-storms Thursday and Friday; a tiny percentage may turn severe. I'm still hanging my hat on the European ECMWF model, predicting 90s this weekend. Dew points in the 70s will make you want to go jump in a lake.

Heat indices may approach 100F. 

Lovely!

* photo above courtesy of scrapetv.com.

Climate Stories...

Megafires, Record Heat And Drought. How Climate Change Is Affecting The Southwest. The story from EcoWatch; here's a snippet: "Huge and devastating wildfires are currently ravaging large expanses of the southwestern U.S. As the Guardian reports, low intensity wildfires have always been part of the landscape of the southwest, but a study by fire scientists last month “charted a disturbing new trend of large and devastating fires, consuming record areas of land and burning for weeks.” These “megafires” have become a regular summer occurrence in the southwest “because of drought, climate change and human interference with the natural landscape,” according to the Guardian. New Mexico, for example, is currently experiencing the biggest fire in state history. The fire, which started at the Whitewater-Baldy complex in the southwestern part of the state, currently covers an area of 337 square miles."

Photo credit above: "Crew members from the Granite Mountain Hotshots of Prescott, Ariz., cut a fire line along a mountain ridge outside Mogollon, N.M., Saturday, June 2, 2012, in an effort to manage and contain the Whitewater-Baldy fire which has burned more than 354 square miles of the Gila National Forest in New Mexico. Unlike last year's megafires in New Mexico and Arizona, this blaze is burning in territory that has been frequently blackened under the watchful eye of the Gila's fire managers." (AP Photo/U.S. Forest Service, Tara Ross)


Expert: Climate Change Will Increasingly Become Global Health Issue. Here's an excerpt from a report at U.S. News and World Report: "Previously just the worry of climate scientists, environmentalists, doomsday prognosticators, and gas-price watchers, climate change is starting to worry some others— public health specialists, who say that global warming could affect large swaths of the population. In a paper published in the journal PLoS Medicine Tuesday, a group of European public health experts write that climate change could alter "patterns of physical activity and food availability, and in some cases [bring] direct physical harm." Slight temperature increases could also change disease distribution in colder regions and make hotter regions less hospitable to humans."

400 PPM: A Milestone That Means Everything, And Nothing. The story from Climate Central: "I’m not big on taking note of milestones. They’re artificial, and usually meaningless, but people get all worked up about them anyway. I don’t like to stay up late on New Year’s Eve, for example, because Dec. 31 is a purely arbitrary date. Nothing real actually begins the next day, but we all pretend otherwise. I have similar feelings about the first day of spring, the temperature reaching 100° as opposed to 99° and all sorts of other magic-sounding dates and numbers that don’t have any real significance. But since no law says I have to be consistent, I’m going to take note of a milestone that happened some time in the past couple of months, and which was reported last week by NOAA. For the first time in recorded history, and almost certainly for much longer than that, the atmosphere’s concentration of carbon dioxide, or CO2, has nipped above 400 parts per million in at least one part of the world. Monitoring stations in Alaska, northern Europe, and Asia have all noted readings above that level during this past spring."

Geoengineering Efforts Against Climate Change Could Turn The Sky White. Well there's a lovely thought; details from gizmodo.com: "Scientists have proposed injecting huge amounts of sulfate aerosols into the sky as a way of reducing the effects of climate change. These scientists also believe the particles could reflect away more sunlight, reducing the direct sunlight which reaches the earth by 20 percent. New Scientist writes: The blue colour of the clear sky comes from light being scattering by molecules in the air. The scattering is much stronger for short blue wavelengths than for longer red wavelengths."

What On Earth Is Happening To Canada? Answer: Black Out Speak Out. Here's an excerpt from Huffington Post: "June 4 is "Black Out Speak Out Day" in Canada. It's not a holiday. It's a rare national day of protest against Prime Minister Stephen Harper's conservative government's attack on civil society organizations including labor, environment, immigration, and students. Over 13,000 Canadian websites will be blacked out in protest. Many U.S. groups, including the Sierra Club, will join in solidarity. How did this happen to our friendly neighbors to the north? Why did Harper become so oppressive? Canadians pride themselves in being reasonable, open to discussion, tolerant, process-oriented-a bastion of democracy. Harper's attacks are happening for many reasons, not the least of which was the success of environmental groups in Canada, the U.S. and Europe threatening what Big Oil wants most: unlimited tar sands expansion and pipelines like the Keystone XL to send its oil around the globe."

Photo credit above: "Demonstrators hold up signs in front of the White House in Washington, Friday, Sept. 2, 2011, to protest the Keystone XL Pipeline project in the US, and the Tar Sands Development in Alberta Canada." (AP Photo/Luis M. Alvarez)

USA Trails Latin America And Asia In Climate Change Preparation. Some interesting stats in this article from SciTechDaily.com; here's an excerpt: "A new survey from MIT is the first to systematically investigate the efforts of cities around the globe to adapt to climate change, showing that 95 percent of major cities in Latin America are planning for climate change, compared to only 59 percent of such cities in the United States. Quito, Ecuador, is not considered a global leader by most measures. But there is one way in which Quito is at the forefront of metropolises worldwide: in planning for climate change. For more than a decade, officials in Ecuador’s mountainous capital have been studying the effects of global warming on nearby melting glaciers, developing ways of dealing with potential water shortages and even organizing conferences on climate change for leaders of other Latin American cities."

Photo credit above: "Quito, Ecuador. Photo: wikimedia/Patricio Mena Vásconez."

Arctic Witnesses Climate Change. Here's an excerpt from topnews.us: "As per a report published in the journal Nature, it has been revealed that climate change is having disastrous effect on the Arctic. The report named as ‘Eurasian Arctic greening reveals that teleconnections and the potential for novel ecosystems’ was being studied by a group of researchers from the University of Lapland, Finland, and Oxford University. The report was of the view that they investigated an area which was around about 100,000 square kilometers and stretched from western Sibera to Finland. First author of the study Dr. Marc Macias-Fauria of Oxford University’s Department of Zoology said that they studied vegetation pattern and after studying the pattern, it was found that Salix and alder have increased by two meters in size in last 2o to 40 years."